A popular science article on ultracold atoms explains how extremely low temperatures enable the emergence of macroscopic quantum phenomena such as Bose-Einstein condensation. In this state, atoms transition from behaving as individual particles to acting collectively, allowing the observation of wave phenomena like interference and diffraction. This phenomenon is crucial for the development of quantum simulators, which could lead to advancements in quantum computing, and for high-precision measurements. Cold atoms also enhance technologies such as atomic clocks, accelerometers, and gravitational wave sensors.
Read the full article at this link.